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Cov kev cai rau cov ntaub thaiv kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
Ib puag ncig kev kho mob xav tau kev saib xyuas kom zoo rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tu cev. daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob yuav tsum tiv taus hluav taws, txwv tsis pub kis kab mob, thiab muab kev ceev ntiag tug uas ntseeg tau. Ntau lub chaw tam sim no nyiam cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob uas siv pov tseg rau kev huv si zoo dua. Txhua daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob yuav tsum tau muaj kev ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua kom tswj tau ob qho tib si kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm kev kho mob.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb
- Cov ntaub thaiv kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom tiv thaiv cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev pheej hmoo hluav taws thiab kev kis kab mob.
- Kev ntxuav tas li, kev tshuaj xyuas, thiab kev hloov cov ntaub thaiv raws sijhawm ua kom lawv tseem ua haujlwm tau zoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm kev kho mob.
- Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais yuav tsum muab kev ntiag tug tag nrho nrog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, tau pom zoo thiab yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom raug siv cov txheej txheem taug qab txhim khu kev qha rau kev ua haujlwm du thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Huv Si rau Cov Ntaub Thaiv Tsev Kho Mob
Cov Qauv Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Kub
Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob. Cov tsev kho mob xav tau cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai uas ua tau raws li cov qauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kom tiv thaiv cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm.
- BS 5867-2 Hom C teeb tsa tus qauv siab tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws hauv cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mobCov ntaub yuav tsum tiv taus 50 lub voj voog ntxuav ntawm 75 ° C, suav nrog kev ziab hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, yam tsis poob lawv cov yam ntxwv uas tiv taus hluav taws.
- Kev kuaj yuav tsum siv nplaim taws ntsug thiab ntsuas lub sijhawm tom qab nplaim taws thiab lub sijhawm tom qab nplaim taws. Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais yuav hla mus yog tias nplaim taws tsis ncav cuag ntug ntaub thiab tsis muaj cov khib nyiab uas nplaim taws poob.
- Nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais uas tau ntawv pov thawj NFPA 701 tua nws tus kheej hauv ob vib nas this thiab txwv tsis pub nplaim taws kis mus rau plaub nti lossis tsawg dua. Qhov kev sim no ua rau cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais raug nplaim taws 1.5-nti rau 12 vib nas this.
- NYU Langone Health tau kho dua 8,000 chav nrog cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais uas tau ntawv pov thawj NFPA 701, ua rau muaj kev txo qis 60% ntawm kev pheej hmoo hluav taws.
- Cov ntaub EU Euroclass B-s1, d0 tso pa tawm tsawg kawg nkaus thiab tsis muaj cov dej ntws, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau thaj chaw kho mob rhiab heev.
- Cov ntaub polyester uas tsis kub hnyiab yeej tseem siv tau rau txhua lub sijhawm uas daim ntaub siv. Cov ntaub uas raug tshuaj lom neeg yuav tsum tau kho dua txhua tsib xyoos.
Ib daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob uas ua tau raws li cov qauv no ua kom muaj ib puag ncig muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab ua raws li txoj cai mus sij hawm ntev.
Kev Ua Raws Li Cov Cai thiab Cov Kev Cai Hauv Zos
Cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv zos, xeev, thiab lub tebchaws thaum xaiv thiab teeb tsa cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais. Cov koom haum tswj hwm xws li Joint Commission, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), thiab cov neeg tua hluav taws hauv zos teeb tsa cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov chaw kho mob.
Cov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas cov kev hloov tshiab rau cov cai no kom ua raws li txoj cai thiab zam kev nplua.
Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv lo rau kom raug, suav nrog qib hluav taws thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li txoj cai txhawb nqa kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub tsev kho mob. Cov tsev kho mob uas tsis ua raws li txoj cai yuav raug nplua, cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev lav phib xaub ntau ntxiv.
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob thiab FDA Pom Zoo
Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob feem ntau ua haujlwm ua cov chaw uas kov tau ntau, ua rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb. Cov chaw tsim khoom siv cov ntaub thiab cov txheej txheem siab heev los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob uas tiv thaiv kab mob:
| Aspect | Cov Lus Qhia Txog Qhov Ntau |
|---|---|
| Cov kab mob uas xav tau | Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Tswj qib suav cov neeg nqa khoom | 4.0 txog 5.5 cav CFU/carrier |
| Tus qauv kev ua tau zoo | Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus nruab nrab 4.0-log txo qis hauv ≤10 feeb |
| Kev txo cov kab mob me me | >99.999% (>5 log10) tawm tsam cov kab mob Gram-positive thiab Gram-negative thiab cov kab mob fungi |
| Kev sim ua kom ruaj khov | Txog li 100 lub voj voog ntxuav/qhuav |
| Kev Nyab Xeeb | Tsis ua rau khaus thiab tsis ua rau ua xua (kev kuaj mob tawv nqaij los ntawm lwm tus neeg) |
Kev pom zoo los ntawm FDA lees paub tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv rau hauv cov ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo. Cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum muab pov thawj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab lub cev ruaj khov. Cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum xaiv cov ntaub thaiv uas muaj kev ua haujlwm tua kab mob tau lees paub los txhawb cov txheej txheem tswj kev kis kab mob.
Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Ntxuav, Kev Ntxuav Khaub Ncaws, thiab Kev Tua Kab Mob
Kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob tsis tu ncua ua rau lub ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob siv tau ntev dua thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob. Cov chaw kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau kub ntxuav khaub ncaws, zaus ntawm kev siv lub voj voog, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob sib xws.
- Cov ntaub uas tiv taus hluav taws thiab tiv thaiv kab mob yeej tiv taus kev ntxuav thiab ziab ntau zaus yam tsis poob qhov zoo.
- Cov ntaub thaiv pov tseg muab kev daws teeb meem zoo rau cov chaw uas muaj neeg ua haujlwm ntau, vim tias cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem hloov lawv sai sai tom qab tus neeg mob tawm hauv tsev kho mob lossis muaj kev kis kab mob.
- Cov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum sau cov sijhawm thiab cov txheej txheem tu kom pom tias ua raws li txoj cai thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas.
Ib daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob uas tau saib xyuas zoo txhawb nqa ib puag ncig kev kho mob uas muaj kev nyab xeeb, huv si, thiab ua raws li txoj cai.
Kev Ceev Ntiag Tug, Khoom Siv, thiab Cov Qauv Kev Teeb tsa rau Cov Ntaub Thaiv Tsev Kho Mob
Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Tsis Pom Kev Thiab Kev Ceev Ntiag Tug
Ib daim ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum lav qhov tsis pub lwm tus paub rau cov neeg mob. Daim ntaub yuav tsum thaiv qhov pom kev los ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis, txawm tias nyob hauv chav uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo. Cov neeg tsim qauv feem ntau xaiv cov ntaub uas sib xyaws zoo lossis cov ntaub ntau txheej kom tiv thaiv cov duab thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxoo kom tsis txhob tshwm sim.
Kev npog qhov ntiag tug nthuav dav txij ntawm lub qab nthab mus rau saum pem teb, ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv me me rau cov khoom siv ntxuav thiab cua nkag.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob vam khom cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais no los tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig ruaj ntseg thiab zais cia thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob, kho mob, thiab saib xyuas tus kheej. Cov chaw kho mob yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xyuas seb puas muaj qhov chaw puas tsuaj lossis pom tseeb uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ceev ntiag tug.
Cov Khoom Siv Tau Pom Zoo thiab Kev Ruaj Khov
Cov chaw tsim khoom siv tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv tau pom zoo rau kev tsim cov ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob. Polyester thiab polyester sib xyaw ua ke tswj hwm kev ua lag luam vim lawv lub zog, tiv taus hluav taws, thiab yooj yim ntxuav. Qee qhov chaw xaiv cov ntaub nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb uas muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv taus cov xim av.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ua haujlwm zoo tiv thaiv cov kab mob xws li Staphylococcus aureus, Kab mob Pseudomonas aeruginosa, thiab Acinetobacter baumanniiCov ntaub thaiv qhov rai uas muaj BASF ua haujlwm zoo heev mus rau qhov nruab nrab, thaum qee cov txheej txheem lag luam muab kev tiv thaiv tsawg dua.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis poob qis tom qab khaws cia rau rau lub hlis, uas qhia tau tias lub txheej txheej ruaj khov.
- Kev sim tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam nrog txoj kev Martindale ua piv txwv txog lub zog ntawm cov ntaub. Tom qab 1,000 lub voj voog, tsuas yog poob qhov hnyav me me xwb, txawm hais tias kev ntsuas hluav taws xob (SEM) qhia txog kev puas tsuaj me me ntawm cov fiber.
- Kev ntsuam xyuas kev laus dag ua piv txwv txog kev siv hauv tsev kho mob tiag tiag los ntawm kev txav daim ntaub thaiv ntau zaus dhau lub sijhawm sib npaug li ob lub lis piam, peb lub hlis, thiab tsib xyoos. Kev tshuaj xyuas Gravimetric thiab SEM imaging tom qab cov kev ntsuam xyuas no qhia tau tias cov ntaub thiab txheej txheej puas tsuaj tsawg kawg nkaus.
- Kev thaij duab SEM lees paub tias cov txheej txheej tseem sib npaug ntawm cov ntaub, txawm tias tom qab kev txhuam thiab laus lawm. Tsis muaj cov av lossis cov qauv zoo li siv lead ua pom.
- Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ruaj khov ntawm lub tshuab ua ke kev ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab SEM imaging los ntsuas kev ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub thiab kev khaws cia txheej hauv qab qhov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws.
Cov txiaj ntsig no lees paub tias cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai hauv tsev kho mob niaj hnub no tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau xyoo ntawm kev siv txhua hnub thaum tseem tswj hwm lawv cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Cov Txheej Txheem Khiav thiab Kev Teeb tsa Kom Zoo
Ib daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob xav tau ib txoj kab khiav uas ruaj khov rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb. Cov hlau txhuas thiab cov hlau tsis xeb tiv taus xeb thiab txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub hnyav. Cov neeg teeb tsa yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov kab khiav sib luag rau lub qab nthab thiab tsis txhob poob lossis khoov thaum muaj kev thauj khoom hnyav.
- Cov kev taug kev uas tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qab nthab ua rau muaj kev ceev ntiag tug ntau dua thiab tso cai rau kev kaw tag nrho cov chaw rau cov neeg mob.
- Daim Ntaub Thaiv Cubicle cov kev khiav feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv tawg rau kev nkag mus rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
- Cov chaw nres kawg thiab cov nqa khoom tiv thaiv cov ntaub thaiv kom tsis txhob plam ntawm txoj kev.
- Cov neeg teeb tsa yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom rau qhov sib nrug, kev khi, thiab kev xaiv kho vajtse.
Kev teeb tsa kom zoo yuav txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob thiab ua kom cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem qhib lossis kaw daim ntaub thaiv sai sai raws li qhov xav tau.
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tsis Tu Ncua thiab Cov Lus Qhia Hloov Chaw
Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ua rau txhua daim ntaub thaiv tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Cov thawj coj ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tsim ib daim ntawv teev npe rau kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, tsom mus rau:
- Kua muag, qhov, lossis fraying raws seams thiab ntug
- Cov xim av los yog cov xim tsis sib xws uas tsis ploj mus
- Poob ntawm cov ntawv lo tiv thaiv hluav taws lossis cov ntawv lo tiv thaiv kab mob
- Kev sib dhos ntawm txoj kev thiab kev ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv
Lub Tswv Yim: Hloov cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais tam sim ntawd yog tias lawv pom cov cim qhia tias muaj kev puas tsuaj, kev ua qias tuaj, lossis kev poob ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Feem ntau cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo kom hloov cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais uas siv tau dua txhua 6 txog 12 lub hlis, nyob ntawm seb siv thiab ntxuav ntau zaus npaum li cas. Cov ntaub thaiv pov tseg yuav tsum tau hloov tom qab txhua zaus tus neeg mob tawm hauv tsev kho mob lossis thaum pom tias qias neeg. Kev sau cov sijhawm tshuaj xyuas thiab hloov pauv pab cov chaw kho mob ua raws li txoj cai thiab ua kom muaj ib puag ncig nyab xeeb, ntiag tug rau cov neeg mob.
Kev ua raws li cov cai nruj rau cov ntaub thaiv kev kho mob ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, huv dua, thiab muaj tus kheej ntau dua.
- Kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev kis kab mob txo cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev kho mob, uas cuam tshuam rau 1 ntawm 31 tus neeg mob txhua hnub thiab raug nqi ntau txhiab lab daus las txhua xyoo.
- Cov qauv ntawm Pawg Neeg Sib Koom Tes qhia cov chaw ua haujlwm kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tswj kab mob zoo.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
Lub sijhawm hloov pauv rau cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai hauv tsev kho mob yog dab tsi?
Feem ntau cov chaw tsim khoom qhia kom hloov cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais uas siv tau dua txhua 6 txog 12 lub hlis. Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais uas siv ib zaug xwb yuav tsum tau hloov tom qab txhua zaus uas tus neeg mob tawm hauv tsev kho mob lossis thaum pom tias nws qias neeg.
Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob puas xav tau cov tshuaj ntxuav tshwj xeeb?
Cov chaw yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm lub tuam txhab tsim cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai. Cov khoom no pab tswj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws.
Cov ntaub thaiv qhov rais hauv tsev kho mob uas siv pov tseg puas muaj kev nyab xeeb npaum li cov uas siv tau dua?
Cov ntaub thaiv pov tseg ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws thiab tshuaj tua kab mob zoo ib yam li cov kev xaiv siv tau dua. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem hloov lawv sai sai, uas txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem tswj kev kis kab mob.
